ABAP

28 02 2018

Прокси-сервер в ABAP

Если вы из программы на ABAP пытаетесь получить веб-контент через HTTP, то соединение будет производиться не с компьютера клиента, а с сервера приложений. В зависимости от конфигурации локальной сети вам может понадобиться пробираться через прокси-сервер (иначе потребуется прямая видимость сервера или NAT).

При оформлении HTTP запроса можно непосредственно указать прокси-сервер:

if client is initial.
call method cl_http_client=>create
 exporting
  host  = 'www.example.com'
  proxy_host    = '192.168.1.1'
  proxy_service = '8080'
 importing
  client  = client
exceptions
  argument_not_found = 1
  internal_error     = 2
  plugin_not_active  = 3
  others             = 4.

if client is initial.

call method cl_http_client=>create

exporting

host = 'www.example.com'

proxy_host = '192.168.1.1'

proxy_service = '8080'

importing

client = client

exceptions

argument_not_found = 1

internal_error = 2

plugin_not_active = 3

others = 4.

Однако здесь есть пара моментов. Во-первых – хардкод в коде не приветствуется, а во-вторых – нет авторизации.

Глобальную настройку HTTP-прокси можно обнаружить в транзакции SM59:

И там уже в появившемся окошечке можно указать не только сервер/порт, но также и логин/пароль для авторизации.

08 06 2017

Важные слова не важны

Uchla ABAP ABAP 0

В процессе написания кода по заданной спецификации неожижанно обнаружилось, что ключевые слова ABAP не являюся зарезервированными.
Поэтому нижеследующий код компилируется и даже выполняется:

TYPES TYPE.

DATA USING TYPE TYPE.

PERFORM FORM USING USING USING USING.

FORM FORM USING USING TYPE TYPE DATA LIKE USING TYPE TYPE TYPE.

  DATA = TYPE.

  DATA TO TYPE I.
  DATA ADD LIKE TO.

  ADD ADD TO TO.

  DATA IF.
  DATA EQ.
  DATA ENDIF.
  IF IF EQ EQ.
    MOVE TO TO ENDIF.
  ENDIF.

ENDFORM.

TYPES TYPE.

DATA USING TYPE TYPE.

PERFORM FORM USING USING USING USING.

FORM FORM USING USING TYPE TYPE DATA LIKE USING TYPE TYPE TYPE.

DATA = TYPE.

DATA TO TYPE I.

DATA ADD LIKE TO.

ADD ADD TO TO.

DATA IF.

DATA EQ.

DATA ENDIF.

IF IF EQ EQ.

MOVE TO TO ENDIF.

ENDIF.

ENDFORM.

Даже если так писать и можно, то этого делать всё-таки не следует:

Усложняет восприятие, хотя есть и подсветка кода и uppercase/lowercase
Name-conventions
Ограничения при работе с БД
Это не смешно

Зато есть служебная таблица TRESE, в которой перечисляются разные наименования полей, которые нельзя создавать из-за ограниченний в разных БД.
© Иван Болховитинов

16 11 2014

ABAP programming tips

Uchla ABAP ABAP 5

Q: How to convert CHAR type to RAW type?
A:

  types: begin of c16,
           aaa(16) type c, "CHAR(16)
         end of c16.
  types: begin of r16,
           aaa type guid_16, "RAW(16)
         end of r16.
  data: it_chars type table of c16,
        it_raws type table  of r16,
        c1(16) type c.
  c1 = '1234567890123456'.
  append c1 to it_chars.
  call method CL_RSZ_WWW_DB_INTERFACE=>CONVERT_CHAR_TO_RAW
    exporting
      I_T_IN  = IT_chars
    importing
      E_T_OUT = it_raws

types: begin of c16,

aaa(16) type c, "CHAR(16)

end of c16.

types: begin of r16,

aaa type guid_16, "RAW(16)

end of r16.

data: it_chars type table of c16,

it_raws type table of r16,

c1(16) type c.

c1 = '1234567890123456'.

append c1 to it_chars.

call method CL_RSZ_WWW_DB_INTERFACE=>CONVERT_CHAR_TO_RAW

exporting

I_T_IN = IT_chars

importing

E_T_OUT = it_raws

Q: What does mean asterisk in front of the name?
A: EKPO and *EKPO are usually defined in TABLES statement, and both use the DDIC structure of EKPO. Classical usage is to distinguish between old and new value of the record.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM *bkpf is equal to SELECT SINGLE * FROM bkpf into *bkpf
the same as SELECT SINGLE * FROM bkpf is equal to SELECT SINGLE * FROM bkpf into bkpf

While declaring variables, always follow the naming conventions through out your code. Your variable names talks a lot about its usage.
Make sure your variables are of the form:

{Prefix1}{Prefix2}_{Name} where:

Prefix1:
L – Local
I – Import
E – Export
G – Global
T – Table Type

Prefix2:
V – Single Value
S – Structure
T – Table
R – Type ref to Data
O – Type ref to Object
E – Type ref to Exception objects

Name – name of the variable.
e.g.:
lt_sel – local table
lo_rvs – local object
and so on.

Before changing the parameters (type or name), make sure that you run “Where used”, make a note and change them as well.
While working on ABAP Classes and Interfaces, Never change a super class of a framework. It could potentially bring all applications down. Double check to make sure that the code you change is in your class only.

Ctrl + D Duplicate any line.
Ctrl + . & Ctrl + , Comment and Un-Comment selected lines.
Ctrl+Shift+X Deletes the whole line.
Ctrl+Shift+V Gives All Paste options.
To assist in locating codes, can be a bookmark, using a combination: CTRL + ALT + (0 to 9).
To go to bookmark created, use combination CTRL + (0 to 9).

Please ensure that IV_UNAME (SY-UNAME) and IV_LANGUAGE (SY_UNAME) are mandatory for all modules.
Q: How to debug IDOCs inbound processing (most first FMs on receiver system (under ALEREMOTE non dialog user)?
A: Simple and stupid solution is to put eternal loop in form FA5_DOCUMENT_SYNTAX_CHECK (program LEDI1FA5):

data: x type flag. *if sy-uname eq 'SAPSD'. while x is initial. endwhile. "endif.

1
2
3
4
5

data: x type flag.
*if sy-uname eq 'SAPSD'.
while x is initial.
endwhile.
"endif.

Then the process will be available for debugging in the transaction SM50.
Please create lock objects on the header tables and make sure that you obtain a lock before changes and release the lock after changes.
Make sure that you transactions are atomic. Either commit your work after all changes are successful or Rollback in case of error. If you rollback, make sure that you have released the locks.

Q: How to pass dynamic varable into SELECT … WHERE IN clause?
A:

data: lv_pabprfs type string,
         qry type string.
  select single param from zparam into lv_pabprfs where paramid  = 'PAPROFIL'.
  "lv_pabprfs = 'M033', 'M833', 'M843'
  qry = 'b~pabprf in (' && lv_pabprfs && ')'.

  select single baset into myvar from jitoco where outpo = '3' and (qry).

data: lv_pabprfs type string,

qry type string.

select single param from zparam into lv_pabprfs where paramid = 'PAPROFIL'.

"lv_pabprfs = 'M033', 'M833', 'M843'

qry = 'b~pabprf in (' && lv_pabprfs && ')'.

select single baset into myvar from jitoco where outpo = '3' and (qry).

During save, please make sure that entries in all the text (_T_*) tables that relate to your modules are also saved. If no data exists, treat it as an error. (As across check, you can verify the same by executing the view and making sure that the data is returned correctly)
The Function should be RFC Enabled. Never raise an exception. Always return errors in the ET_RETURN (Type BAPIRET2) structure.
Never hardcode text strings. Make sure that you use a text element. But use it with text reference.
E.g. If you have an error during validating the email, use it as “Email ID is required”(001) instead of using text-001. This will ensure that error messages are displayed regardless of user logon language.
At the end of the function, Always call “get details” and return the values as export/table values. This will serve the purpose of reflecting the data as-is in the DB back to the user and will save another round trip to retrieve it again.

Q: How to get variable value from another running program?
A:

"in case of needed programm isn't in the memory area, we can to call it via
PERFORM change_control_record IN PROGRAM SAPMV50A.
  ld_mem = '(SAPMV50A)XLIPS[]'.
  ASSIGN (ld_mem) TO <mem>.
  IF sy-subrc = 0. "if ld_mem is assigned
    lt_xlips[] = <mem>.
  ENDIF.

"in case of needed programm isn't in the memory area, we can to call it via

PERFORM change_control_record IN PROGRAM SAPMV50A.

ld_mem = '(SAPMV50A)XLIPS[]'.

ASSIGN (ld_mem) TO <mem>.

IF sy-subrc = 0. "if ld_mem is assigned

lt_xlips[] = <mem>.

ENDIF.

Update audit fields created by, created date, created time only during create.
Please ensure that IV_UNAME (SY-UNAME) and IV_LANGUAGE (SY_UNAME) are mandatory for all modules. Extract the data for the language specified.
Q: Where are the packing handling units data stored during execution of transaction VL01/VL02/VL32N”? CVEKP table is always empty.
A: The variable is (SAPLV51G)IVEKP[]

24 05 2013

Набор полезных программ

Uchla ABAP, nützlich ABAP 0

Получить внешние вызовы ФМ, транзакций и многого другого внутри программы можно с помощью программы — RSINCL00.

Транзакция ABAPDOCU — ABAP документация и примеры.

Транзакция BIBS — примеры пользовательского интерфейса для ABAP программ.

Транзакция DWDM — демо примеры с использованием Enjoy контролов.

Программа ADBC_DEMO — демо программа ADBC API (для подключения к внешним базам данных).

Транзакция SE83 — библиотека примеров с ALV и прочими контролами.

Программа BALVBT01 — демонстрация множественного использования ALV.

Программа SHOWICON — список всех иконок.

Программа SHOWCOLO — все цвета используемые во WRITE или ALV.

Программа SHOWLINE — всевозможные линии во write отчётах.

Программа SHOWSYMB — символы.

Программа AFX_CODE_SCANNER (или RPR_ABAP_SOURCE_SCAN) — поиск в исходных кодах.

Программа RSBDCOS0 — выполнение системных команд на сервере.

Программа REPTRAN — массовая выгрузка исходников.

17 03 2011

ALV & Internal table

Uchla ABAP ABAP 0

INCLUDE ZDATAI_TOP:

TABLES:
  vbap,
  marc,
  sscrfields.

DATA: BEGIN OF sd_main OCCURS 0.
  data matnr like marc-matnr.
  data vbeln like vbap-vbeln.
  data arktx like vbap-arktx.
  data kdmat like vbap-kdmat.
  data stdpd like marc-stdpd.
DATA: END OF sd_main.

TABLES:

vbap,

marc,

sscrfields.

DATA: BEGIN OF sd_main OCCURS 0.

data matnr like marc-matnr.

data vbeln like vbap-vbeln.

data arktx like vbap-arktx.

data kdmat like vbap-kdmat.

data stdpd like marc-stdpd.

DATA: END OF sd_main.

INCLUDE ZSD_SEL:

SELECTION-SCREEN SKIP.
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK selection WITH FRAME TITLE text-001.
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF LINE.
SELECTION-SCREEN COMMENT (32) text-a11 FOR FIELD p_datef.
PARAMETERS :     p_datef LIKE sy-datum DEFAULT space.  "OBLIGATORY.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF LINE.
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF LINE.
SELECTION-SCREEN COMMENT (32) text-a12 FOR FIELD p_datet.
PARAMETERS :     p_datet LIKE sy-datum DEFAULT sy-datum OBLIGATORY.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF LINE.

SELECTION-SCREEN SKIP.
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK dest WITH FRAME TITLE text-e10.
PARAMETERS :     dest LIKE rfcdisplay-rfcdest DEFAULT 'NONE'.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK dest.
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK optional WITH FRAME TITLE d10.
SELECT-OPTIONS : s_matnr FOR vbap-matnr.
SELECT-OPTIONS : s_vbeln  FOR vbap-vbeln.              "Transaction Code
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK optional.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK selection.

SELECTION-SCREEN SKIP.
SELECTION-SCREEN PUSHBUTTON 1(10) bt1 USER-COMMAND uc2.

AT SELECTION-SCREEN.
  CASE sscrfields-ucomm.
    WHEN 'UC2'.
      CLEAR: s_matnr, s_vbeln, p_datef, p_datet.
  ENDCASE.

SELECTION-SCREEN SKIP.

SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK selection WITH FRAME TITLE text-001.

SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF LINE.

SELECTION-SCREEN COMMENT (32) text-a11 FOR FIELD p_datef.

PARAMETERS : p_datef LIKE sy-datum DEFAULT space. "OBLIGATORY.

SELECTION-SCREEN END OF LINE.

SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF LINE.

SELECTION-SCREEN COMMENT (32) text-a12 FOR FIELD p_datet.

PARAMETERS : p_datet LIKE sy-datum DEFAULT sy-datum OBLIGATORY.

SELECTION-SCREEN END OF LINE.

SELECTION-SCREEN SKIP.

SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK dest WITH FRAME TITLE text-e10.

PARAMETERS : dest LIKE rfcdisplay-rfcdest DEFAULT 'NONE'.

SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK dest.

SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK optional WITH FRAME TITLE d10.

SELECT-OPTIONS : s_matnr FOR vbap-matnr.

SELECT-OPTIONS : s_vbeln FOR vbap-vbeln. "Transaction Code

SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK optional.

SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK selection.

SELECTION-SCREEN SKIP.

SELECTION-SCREEN PUSHBUTTON 1(10) bt1 USER-COMMAND uc2.

AT SELECTION-SCREEN.

CASE sscrfields-ucomm.

WHEN 'UC2'.

CLEAR: s_matnr, s_vbeln, p_datef, p_datet.

ENDCASE.

REPORT  Z_ITJX

INCLUDE zdatai_top.
INCLUDE zsd_sel.

TYPE-POOLS: slis.  " SLIS contains all the ALV data types

DATA: it_fieldcat  TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv,
      wa_fieldcat  TYPE slis_fieldcat_alv.

DATA: it_vbak LIKE sd_main OCCURS 0.
      
 SELECT * FROM vbap "UP TO 500 ROWS
   INNER JOIN marc
   ON  vbap~matnr EQ marc~matnr
"   AND vbak~vbeln EQ vbap~vbeln
   INTO  CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE sd_main
   WHERE vbap~matnr IN s_matnr.

  wa_fieldcat-fieldname  = 'VBELN'.    " Fieldname in the data table (sd_main)
  wa_fieldcat-seltext_m  = 'Sales document'.   " Column description in the output
  APPEND wa_fieldcat TO it_fieldcat.

  wa_fieldcat-fieldname  = 'KDMAT'.
  wa_fieldcat-seltext_m  = 'Client material'.
  APPEND wa_fieldcat TO it_fieldcat.

  wa_fieldcat-fieldname  = 'MATNR'.
  wa_fieldcat-seltext_m  = 'Material number'.
  APPEND wa_fieldcat TO it_fieldcat.

  wa_fieldcat-fieldname  = 'ARKTX'.
  wa_fieldcat-seltext_m  = 'Description'.
  APPEND wa_fieldcat TO it_fieldcat.

  wa_fieldcat-fieldname  = 'STDPD'.
  wa_fieldcat-seltext_m  = 'KMAT'.
  APPEND wa_fieldcat TO it_fieldcat.

*Pass data and field catalog to ALV function module to display ALV list
  CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'
    EXPORTING
      it_fieldcat   = it_fieldcat
    TABLES
      t_outtab      = sd_main 
    EXCEPTIONS
      program_error = 1
      OTHERS        = 2.

REPORT Z_ITJX

INCLUDE zdatai_top.

INCLUDE zsd_sel.

TYPE-POOLS: slis. " SLIS contains all the ALV data types

DATA: it_fieldcat TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv,

wa_fieldcat TYPE slis_fieldcat_alv.

DATA: it_vbak LIKE sd_main OCCURS 0.

SELECT * FROM vbap "UP TO 500 ROWS

INNER JOIN marc

ON vbap~matnr EQ marc~matnr

" AND vbak~vbeln EQ vbap~vbeln

INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE sd_main

WHERE vbap~matnr IN s_matnr.

wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'VBELN'. " Fieldname in the data table (sd_main)

wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = 'Sales document'. " Column description in the output